Psychological, Cultural, And Ethical Reasons - 2289 Words

This project involves discovering the answer to the question â€Å"Why do people steal?† The goal of this research is to explore and analyze two psychological theoretical perspectives, the behavioral perspective and the sociocultural perspective, to gain insight on the different views regarding this particular human behavior. Several sources and experiments are being examined, which further prove and give reason for this human behavior. Through showing the effects that behavioral and sociocultural have on the formation and participation of a given human behavior, it can be inferred that several factors contribute to the act of stealing. There were no implications and/or limitations regarding sources that were discovered during this research. There are several psychological, cultural, and ethical reasons that influence the practice of stealing. Stealing is a complex topic that individuals of all ages partake in. This topic is interesting because there are numerous reasons and ways in which individuals may steal, as simply grabbing a few dollars that belong to a parent off of the counter is a form of stealing. The question regarding why individuals steal is a widely discussed topic with psychological theoretical explanations that directly address the question and the formation of this particular human behavior. This question is important to address because of the wide range of effects it could have on individuals and on society. The reasoning behind the question is significant inShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Climate Change On The Environment1217 Words   |  5 Pagescompared to those of others. 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The Eisenhower Doctrine - 1216 Words

| The Eisenhower Doctrine | | | The Eisenhower Doctrine In the late 1940’s and early 1950’s, while the world was repairing itself from the 6-7 years of war (4 years for the US), unseen forces were posed to launch and spring into action once the war was over, an ideology; one that had taken a country over by storm and revolution. These unseen forces were setup in the cold, grim climate of Mockba (Moscow). Josef Stalin, â€Å"the Grim Reaper of Communism†, had plans to sow the seeds of Communism throughout the entire Western half of Europe and elsewhere. While it’s no surprise that when attending the Potsdam Conference in Potsdam, Germany from July 17, 1945 to August 2, 1945, the â€Å"Big Three† consisting†¦show more content†¦Ike, knowing that he lost Egypt, sought to strengthen its ties with other Arabic conservative countries; countries such as: Saudi Arabia, Libya, Iraq and Lebanon (Yaqub, 2004). Ike felt that with the right incentives such as military aid, economic aid and explicit guarantees of American protectionism, these countries could show their Pro-Western stance to the world, and it would cause these countries to remain loyal to the West (Yaqub, 2004; History.com, 2009). Also, another issue was there had been a power vacuum caused by the loss of prestige by Britain and France. As such, the Soviet Union was posed to step in and fill this void. Nasser was spreading his Pan-Arab policies and forming â€Å"volatile relationships’ with Syria and Jordan. The US wanted to fill that void before th e Middle East comes under Soviet influence (Eisenhower Doctrine, 2009). The Eisenhower Doctrine was put to the test in 1958, when civil unrest occurred in Lebanon. Fearing for his country, the President of Lebanon, Chamille Chamoun, appealed to Eisenhower for help (History.com, 2009). Ike sent 15,000 troops to assist in quelling the violence in Lebanon. This action showed to the world that the US had interest in the Middle East (History.com, 2009). Another instance occurred in 1957, which involved a political crisis in Jordan. The King of Jordan, King Hussein, removed from his cabinet, members who were Pro-Soviet and loyal toShow MoreRelatedThe Eisenhower Doctrine Of The Middle East1587 Words   |  7 Pages The Eisenhower Doctrine in the Middle East Mahmoud Mseddi History Society L2G1 Mediterranean School of Business November 29, 2015 â€Æ' The Eisenhower Doctrine in the Middle East Dwight David Ike Eisenhower was the 34th president of the United States of America and was in office from 1953 until 1961. His presidency can be considered as a bumpy but remarkable road from the foreign affairs side. 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He also grew up in a poor family. He only had one brother and one sister. Since he was young, he liked history, government and reading. He went to school but when he was at college he decided to stop attending to it becauseRead MoreSoviet Penetration and Growth in Syria During the Late 1950s1406 Words   |  6 PagesAdditionally, it is worth noting the impact that the Eisenhower Doctrine played in inadvertently advancing the Soviet cause in the Middle East and in Syria in particular. This doctrine was conceived of by the U.S. and effected in 1957 to attempt to counteract the efforts of communism in the Middle East (Eisenhower, 1957), and to circumscribe the potency of Nasser and his impact on surrounding countries such as Syria in the nationalist movement. While this doctrine served to secure the support of certain MiddleRead MoreAp Us History 2001 Dbq Es say1081 Words   |  5 Pages II. Eisenhower Administration A. Massive retaliation; nuclear weapons prevented USSR attack. B. Containment policy to prevent war/attack. C. Interstate Highway System to ^ US defense against Communism. D. CIA overthrowing/prevention of spread of Communism. E. Korean Armistice/Peace treaty b/w China/North Korea amp; US. F. Domino Theory, eco/mil aid to Southern Viet to build stable/anti communist state. G. SEATO, helped strengthen anti-communist countries. H. Eisenhower Doctrine, aid toRead MoreThe Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower Essays602 Words   |  3 Pages Dwight D. Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890, in Denison, Texas to David and Ida Eisenhower. In 1911, Eisenhower had an appointment in West Point, New York at the United States Military Academy. His attendance had no charge. He was a star player on the football team, until his continuous knee injuries required him to quit playing. In 1915, Eisenhower graduated from West Point as a star student, and was appointed as a second lieutenant. Dwight D. 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After World War II and up until the early 1990’s the foreign policy of the United States was based on the policy of the containment of Cold War ideology andRead MoreContainment Strategies During The Cold War1084 Words   |  5 PagesPaul Gornati Tibbles / Schreiber English 6,7 / American Cultures 10 27 February 2017 Containment Strategies in the Cold War During the Cold War, communism was spreading.   The three presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy needed a way to stop it from spreading.   All Three turned to the idea of containment.   Ayers, et al. defines containment as a Policy by George F. Kennan, that started in the late 1940’s and was created to stop the spread of communism by providing economic aid, and military aidRead MorePresidential Doctrines Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: PRESIDENTIAL DOCTRINES Presidential Doctrines: President Kennedy and the Communist Expansion Abstract The Kennedy Doctrine was essentially an expansion of the foreign policy of the previous administrations of Dwight D. Eisenhower and Harry S. Truman, The Eisenhower doctrine focused providing both military and economic assistance to nations resisting communism and increasing trade from the U.S. to Latin America and the Truman doctrine focused on containment of communism by providingRead MoreTruman Doctrine1575 Words   |  7 PagesRather, the events that had lead up to the proceedings of the situation in Vietnam began on March 12, 1947 with the creation of the Truman Doctrine. Proceeding World War II, the threat of communism had been particularly high. 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Factors Contributing To The Energy Balance Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

The Earth is a physical system working a changeless symbiotic relationship with the Sun in keeping the energy balance. Ideally the planet resides in equilibrium, being that the addition of incoming energy from the Sun is equal to the loss of surpassing energy from the Earth. However, over the past 400 old ages at that place are definite fluctuations in the energy balance due to a figure of human and natural factors. We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Contributing To The Energy Balance Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The top of the ambiance represents the barrier of which most of the energy base on ballss, the composing of the Earth ‘s ambiance plays a critical function in the changing energy budget as semisynthetic pollution and green-house gas emanations alter the sum of energy entrance and go outing the Earth ‘s ambiance. Other more natural factors such as the fluctuation in the Earth ‘s orbit and fluctuations in ocean circulation besides contribute in changing energy budgets. Following this will be a comprehensive rating of how different homo and natural factors contribute to fluctuations in the energy balance of the Earth over the past 400 old ages. components2.gifFigure1 Figure1, taken from the NASA web site, represents a simplified diagram of the how incoming solar energy enters the ambiance and is dispersed on it ‘s journey to the Earth ‘s surface, accordingly how energy is reflected back to the upper ambiance. Table1: Earth ‘s additions and losingss of radiation Earth ‘s Surface Additions Losingss 51 Visible from Sun 7 Conduction, Convection 96 IR from atmosphere 23 Vaporization 117 IR radiation cyberspace: 147 cyberspace: 147 Table1 shows the per centum of the radiation going into and off from the Earth. As shown in the tabular array the net radiation, although equal, do non add up to 100 % and this is because nursery gases trap radiation hence doing the temperature addition. tsi_vs_temp.gifFigure2 Obviously depicted in figure2 the planetary temperature shows a important addition during the early twentieth century. This addition in temperature is frequently related to a widespread happening, which poses a menace to society and the environment, known as planetary heating. Global heating is a human-induced phenomenon that affects the planet in many ways ; in relevancy to this try the chief focal point will center upon how planetary heating influences the energy balance. â€Å" Analyzing the yesteryear can potentially inform our apprehension of what the hereafter may keep, † said Michael Mann, Professor of weather forecasting, Penn State. With that said, many have researched on the addition in planetary heating following a timeline and the consequences were amazing. By the early twentieth century there has been an dismaying addition in planetary temperatures due to an addition of green house gases into the atmosphere chiefly stemming from semisynthetic pollution from auto fumess and mills to call a few wrongdoers. An unnaturally produced chemical CFC ; a end point from human activities such as transit, constructing warming and chilling, the industry of cement and other goods, when released to the ambiance thins the ozone bed leting harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun to come in the ambiance hence by and large increasing the atmospheric temperature. The nursery gasses ; methane, C dioxide, and azotic oxide, which increases in concentrati on due to the combustion of fossil fuels absorb infrared radiation ensuing once more in an addition in temperature, ergo planetary heating partly constitutes in the acute addition in the energy budget showed by the important addition ( figure2 ) in the beginning of the twentieth century. On a more natural note maculas may besides lend in the Earth ‘s changing energy budget. Recent satellite measurings of solar brightness, analyzed by Willson ( 1997 ) show an addition from the old rhythm of macula activity to the current one, bespeaking that the Earth is having more energy from the Sun. Willson predicts that if the current rate of addition of solar irradiance continues in this form until the mid twenty-first century, the surface temperatures will increase by about 0.5i‚ °C. This is little, but non a negligible fraction of the expected nursery warming. A Which in the larger image poses as a factor to the addition in the energy balance. figpredic24-1.jpg Figure3: Showing the sun topographic point activity in given old ages. Bottom diagram with a predicted increased as proposed by Wilson. The Albedo Effect is a polar component in the contemplation and soaking up of radiation, because of this land screen is one finding factor in the energy balance. Since the industrial revolution human activities have altered the nature of land screen around the Earth, chiefly through croplands, grazing lands and woods. These human constructed landforms modify the brooding belongingss of ice and snow, which makes it more likely for an addition in solar radiation to be reflected from the Earth ‘s surface, therefore a negative forcing as an addition of energy is forced out. Earthshine_2004.gifFigure4: Albedo anomalousnesss reconstructed from ISCCP orbiter informations ( black ) andA Earthshine-observed reflective power anomalousnesss ( blue ) . The right manus perpendicular graduated table shows negative radiative forcing ( eg – chilling ) ( Palle 2004 ) . Articles that focus on the overarching scientific discipline precedences of the EOS Terra mission emphasis that when flora is cleared from land surfaces ( such as in deforestation or agricultural combustion ) , the bare surface reflects more sunlight back to infinite and there is a net chilling consequence. But, there is besides a counter productive nursery gas consequence that comes from deforestation and biomass burning-the release of C dioxide, every bit good as riddance of flora that would otherwise absorb C dioxide from the ambiance during photosynthesis. While deforestation/reforestation may take topographic point on one-year to decadal clip graduated tables, the life-time of C dioxide in the ambiance is 50 to more than 100 old ages. Consequently, the solar coefficient of reflection chilling and nursery gas warming due to biomass firing take topographic point at really different clip graduated tables, taking to an initial chilling followed subsequently by a warming tendency. Some human activities may lend in positive radiative forcing for case with aircrafts. Aircrafts produce a relentless additive trail of condensation, which appears as condensation trails that signifier cirrhus clouds of which reflects solar radiation and absorb infrared radiation. Linear condensation trails from planetary aircraft operations have increased Earth ‘s cloud cover and are estimated to do a little positive radiative forcing. Variations of clime over the past 500,000 old ages have been analyzed from fluctuations in the composing of deposits at different deepnesss below the bed of the Indian Ocean. ( Pittock 1978 ) A complementary cause as suggested by Linacre and Geerts ( 2002, 2003 ) might be the fluctuation of Sun/Earth distance ( due to the Earth ‘s orbit ) impacting the Sun ‘s gravitative pull on the swirling of the Earth ‘s liquid, magnetic nucleus. The resulting alterations in the Earth ‘s magnetic attraction would change our ambiance ‘s susceptibleness to the solar air current of charged atoms from the Sun. This change of susceptibleness is necessarily another of course induced factor for the changing energy balance as this gravitative pull occurs in different timeframes. Henrik Svensmark from Danish National Space Institute, says that cosmic radiation may impact cloud formation, which, in bend, affects the Earth ‘s energy balance. Variations in cosmic radiation can be big and rapid. He has analysed in item some events with particularly rapid and big decreases in cosmic radiation, and saw that cloud formation in these events well lessenings, but with a hold of 5-6 yearss. Cosmic radiation at nowadays is remarkably high, and will likely shortly diminish. If the theory is right, this should be followed by decreased cloud formation globally. The planetary temperature should besides diminish, since clouds are considered to hold a greater retarding consequence on the Earth ‘s long moving ridge outward radiation than they have on the incoming short moving ridge radiation. ( Nohrstedt, 2006 ) Therefore making a positive forcing. Aerosol atoms influence radiative forcing straight through contemplation and soaking up of solar and infrared radiation in the ambiance. Some aerosols cause a positive forcing while others cause a negative forcing. The direct radiative forcing summed over all aerosol types is negative. Aerosols besides cause a negative radiative forcing indirectly through the alterations they cause in cloud belongingss. The most dramatic alteration in aerosol-produced coefficient of reflection comes when major volcanic eruptions eject material really high into the ambiance. Rain typically clears aerosols out of the ambiance in a hebdomad or two, but when stuff from a violent volcanic eruption is projected far above the highest cloud, these aerosols typically influence the clime for about a twelvemonth or two before falling into the troposphere and being carried to the surface by precipitation. Major volcanic eruptions can therefore do a bead in average planetary surface temperature of about half a de gree Celsius that can last for months or even old ages. This of class contributing as a natural factor in the changing energy balance as volcanic eruptions occur at different clip periods. Water vapor is the most abundant nursery gas, and is by far the most powerful absorber of infrared radiation. As a consequence it is responsible for most of the Earth ‘s natural nursery consequence. Therefore the addition of planetary heating can non be entirely blamed on human activities, as human emanations are minuscule compared to the vaporization of oceans, which take up about 70 % of the Earth ‘s surface. With an addition in planetary heating leads to an addition in the soaking up of radiation which in bend leads to an addition in the energy budget. Fig_9.2_Temperature_changes_relative_to_the_corresponding_average_for_1901-1950.jpg Figure5: Temperature alterations relative to the corresponding norm for 1901-1950 ( A °C ) from decennary to decennary from 1906 to 2005 over the Earth ‘s continents, every bit good as the full Earth, planetary land country and the planetary ocean ( Beginning: IPCC 2007 ) Therefore in decision the fluctuations in the energy balance of the Earth over the last 400 old ages have seen an addition as contributed by both natural and human factors. Different factors have different impacts on the energy balance as discussed in this essay. The negative and positive radiative forcings have to be taken into history, as properties of the different factors, both human and natural, in order to understand the root of the chemical and physical alterations that modify the radiation transportation entrance and surpassing from the Earth ‘s surface which necessarily leads to a changing energy budget over the past centuries. How to cite Factors Contributing To The Energy Balance Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples